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VOL. 1, ISSUE 1 (2025)
Molecular tools and DNA barcoding
Authors
Ha Thanh Tung
Abstract
Molecular tools,
particularly DNA barcoding, have become essential in modern taxonomy, species
identification, and biodiversity conservation. Among the various genetic
markers used, the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene has proven highly
effective in differentiating closely related mammalian species due to its
evolutionary stability and sufficient interspecific variability. This study
reviews the application of DNA barcoding, with a focus on cytochrome b, in the
identification and phylogenetic analysis of Southeast Asian ungulates,
especially those within the genus Muntiacus. Many species in this region
remain poorly understood due to morphological similarities and limited field
observations, which complicates conservation planning. By compiling recent
molecular studies, we highlight how DNA barcoding has led to the discovery of
cryptic species, clarified taxonomic ambiguities, and enhanced our
understanding of species distributions. Furthermore, we discuss methodological
challenges, such as limited reference sequences in public databases and the
need for comprehensive sampling across geographic ranges. The paper also
explores how integrating molecular data with ecological and geographical
information can support more targeted conservation strategies for endangered
species, such as the large-antlered muntjac (Muntiacus vuquangensis),
which faces severe threats from habitat loss and poaching. Our findings
emphasize the critical role of molecular approaches in wildlife monitoring and
underscore the importance of regional genetic databases in Southeast Asia for
the effective application of DNA barcoding in biodiversity research and
management.
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Pages:20-25
How to cite this article:
Ha Thanh Tung "Molecular tools and DNA barcoding". World Journal of Biology, Vol 1, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 20-25
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